Multiple-piston petroleum or gas motor.



No. 655,475. Patented Aug. 7, IQOO. c. E. CALLOCH.

MULTIPLE PISTON PETROLEUM OR GAS MOTOR.

(Application filed. Aug. 14, 1897.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 655,475. Patented Aug. 7, I900. C. E. CALLUCH.

MULTIPLE PlSTON PETROLEUM 03 GAS MOTOR.

(Application filed Aug. 14, 1897-) (No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

n15 cams PETERS on PnoYuu-mcl-v WASHINGTON, D.

UNITED STATES Fries.

PATENT CHARLES EMILE CALLOCH, or LA FLFOHE, F ANCE;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 655,47 5, dated August 7, 1900.

Application filed August 14, 1897. Serial No.648,488. (Nomodel-J T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES EMILE CAL- LOCH, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at La Fleche, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple-Piston Petroleum or Gas Motors, (for which I have obtained foreign Letters Patents asfolloWs,to wit: in England,No. 13,161,dated May 27, 1897; in Luxemburg, No. 2,861, dated May 22, 1897; in Hungary, No. 9,580, dated May 26, 1897; in Spain, No. 20,907, dated May 25, 1897; in Switzerland, No. 14,656, dated May 24, 1897; in Belgium, No. 128,435, dated May 22, 1897; in Austria, No. 47/5,254, dated May 26, 1897; in Italy, No. 44,805/376, dated May 25, 1897, and in Sweden, No. 10,455, dated May 26, 1897,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a petroleum or gas motor; and its novelty consists in the arrangement of the several parts, as hereinafter described, and shown in the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and wherein- Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the improved motor through the center of the cylinder. Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section of the same, also through the center of the cylinder. Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of the valvebox which is placed in the middle of the cylinder. Fig. 4is a side elevation of the cylinder with a portion in section.

The motor is composed of a single cylinder. A, open at both ends, and in which reciprocate two pistons B and O. The forward piston B acts directly upon the crank H, arranged in the middle of the driving-shaft, by means of a pitman-rod D. The second piston G acts likewise directly by means of a bifurcated rod upon the two cranks F and F of the driving-shaft. These two cranks F and F are set at an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees with crank II. The bifurcated rod is composed of three pieces E, E and E so that when the parts are put together a pivot G, forming the fulcrum of the rod, may be put in place. hen put together, the three parts form a single piece and constitute the bifurcated pitman-rod. It is evident that in this construction the part K of the rod will always be parallel with the pieces E and in whatever position they may be placed.

On top of the cylinder and in its middle is mounted the valve-box P, in which the two horizontally-acting valves 8 and S are housed. The valve S admits the explosive mixture coming from the 'carbureter, and the valve S allows the escape of the burned gas. The mixture is lighted electrically or by means of an incandescent tube. The cylinder is cooled by means of water circulating about the explosion-chamber. The valves can be readily removed, cleaned, or ground by unscrewing the plugs arranged in front of them.

The motion of the machine is performed in four stages. In the first stage the pistons move from each other and draw in the ex plosive mixture by opening the admissionvalve 8, which is held on its seat by a spiral spring and which will close automatically as soon as the suction discontinues, which occurs when the two pistons have reached the end of the stroke. At this moment the opening of an air-duct located at the lower part of the cylinder becomes free and the air enters and fills the vacuum between the two pistons, thus giving a greater compression to the explosive mixture. In some cases I prefer to regulate this admission of air by valves T T, Fig. 4, moved downwardly by a rod V and a kneelever U, which is acted upon by a cam L, fixed upon the same axle as the cam L, hereinbefore described, or by any other suitable mechanism, so that said valves will admit atmospheric air into cylinder A at the moment that the pistons reach the end of their stroke after having released the openings Ct. These openings, with valves T T, are designed to remove the vacuum caused by the closing of the valve 8, and thus to promote a better compression of the explosive mixture. In the second stage of the operation the mixture is compressed between the two pistons traveling toward each other. In the third stage the explosion occurs by means of an electric spark in any other appropriate manner. During the fourth stage the pistons travel again toward each other and drive out the burned gas through an orifice automatically opened at the proper momentby a cam L, which opens the valve S, located in this orifice.

The shaft upon which the cam L is mounted derives its motion from the driving-shaft by means of a gear 0 in the relation of one to two.

A horizontal centrifugal regulator N, arranged on the shaft of the cam, acts by means of a suitable rod upon a valve or other suitable device arranged in the admission-pipe of the explosive mixture. The construction of these parts depends upon the location of the carbureter.

As above explained, the explosion occurs between the two pistons. At this moment the forward piston B will push the crank 11, while the other piston C will at the same time exert a pulling motion upon the two cranks F and F. It is therefore obvious that the shock produced by the explosion is neutralized, because it aifects two. parts that are moving from each other and are working against each other.

The equilibrium of motion is secured by the arrangement of the pistons working in opposite direction. In order to balance the reciprocating parts, the walls of the piston B and also its rod D are made heavier, so that the weight of these two parts will be exactly the same as that of piston O and its bifurcated rod. To this end the walls of the piston C are of less thickness and the rod is made of steel tubes, which may be conveniently done, inasmuch as this rod when submitted to the greatest strain only elfects a pulling action. When it effects a pushing action, it is merely to draw in the mixture, which requires only a slight force. During the compression, the cranks will,under the impulse of the fiy-wheel, pull the bifurcated rod, with the explosion, the piston will pull the rod,and when the prodnets of combustion are driven out, the cranks will again under the impulse of the fly-wheel carry along the forks of the rod.

The base-piece of the motor may be made hollow and filled with water, so as tov make the motor as steady as possible, and in case it should be-moved to another place the water will be drawn off. I

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a gas-motor, the combination with the cylinder open at both ends, of the two pistons therein, the cran k-shaft, the single piston-rod connecting one of the pistons with the crankshaft, the rods E E -at one end connected to the crank-shaft and at the other end connected together by the cross-rod E the arm K extending from the rod E the pivot-pin G connecting the arm K and second piston together, the valve-chamber in communication with the space between the two pistons and provided with the spring-influenced valves S S, and means for automatically admitting atmos pheric air into the cylinder when the pistons, reach the end of their stroke,the several parts adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes described. V

2. In a gas-motor, the combination with the cylinder open at both ends, of the two pistons therein, the crank-shaft, the rod connecting one of the pistons with said shaft, the two rods connecting the other piston with the same crank-shaft, the valve-chamber in communication with the space between the two pistons and provided with the spring-influenced gas inlet and exhaust valves, the gas-inlet valve adapted to be opened by the suction created by the pistons, the cam for opening the exhaust-valve, the inlet for air opening into the explosion-chamber, and means for admitting air therethrough into the explosion-chamber after the admission of the explosive mixture, substantially as and for the purposes described. V

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of June, 1897.

CHARLES EMILE OALLOOII.

Witnesses:

PHILIPPE LERsUx, EDWARD P. MAOLEAN. 

